A branch juts out from a hedge beside the path; Nhi notices it from a safe distance.
jut out
A branch juts out from the hedge.
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A branch juts out from the hedge.
Be careful of the rock jutting out beside the path.
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Be careful of the rock jutting out beside the path.
View meaning & usage
Project beyond a surface or an edge
jut outjut out from something
Describes a part projecting outward. The -ing form is “jutting”, with a double t. This is a position, not a branch growing rapidly.
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Nhi learns about a seed-eating bird that lives on seeds.
live on
These small birds live on seeds.
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These small birds live on seeds.
During the trip, we lived on rice and beans.
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During the trip, we lived on rice and beans.
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Have a particular food as a main source of nourishment
live on something
Here this describes a main food source. “Live on” can also describe living on an income. It does not mean living on top of the food.
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Nhi views a museum display showing that dodos died out.
die out
Dodos died out centuries ago.
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Dodos died out centuries ago.
Some old traditions are dying out.
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Some old traditions are dying out.
View meaning & usage
Become extinct or disappear completely
something dies out
Use this for a species or custom disappearing, not just one individual dying. The -ing form of “die” is “dying”.
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The examples were written for this course. Usage was checked against Matt Errey’s book, pages 12, 137, 69, 79, 36. A2–B1 is the course’s intended level.
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Read the picture descriptions for more context. Similar expressions are accepted when they fit the particular scene.
Phrases
Actions in the pictures
Picture description
Nhi draws a curtain to block out bright sunlight at her reading corner.
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Picture description
Nhi watches rain wash away a chalk drawing on the path from a dry porch.
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Picture description
A branch juts out from a hedge beside the path; Nhi notices it from a safe distance.
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Picture description
Nhi learns about a seed-eating bird that lives on seeds.
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Picture description
Nhi views a museum display showing that dodos died out.
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A conversation in context
Read the conversation and find the expressions you have learned.
Mai
That branch blocks out much of the light.
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That branch blocks out much of the light.
Alex
The rain washed away the chalk marks below it.
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The rain washed away the chalk marks below it.
Mai
Let us check whether any part is jutting out over the path.
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Let us check whether any part is jutting out over the path.
Compare the uses
block out / wash away
“Block out” prevents light or sound from entering; “wash away” removes something with water. The causes and results differ.
Practice and check your answers
Try answering before revealing the suggested answer. This practice is not scored.
The answers below are models. Other answers can also work if they preserve the facts, meaning and structure requested in the task.
A situation to apply what you have learned
A screen prevents harsh light entering a greenhouse. Rain outside has removed chalk arrows from the path.
Describe the screen’s effect.
Show the answer and explanation
The screen blocks out the harsh light.
The screen prevents harsh light entering the greenhouse: “blocks out the harsh light”.
Replace “the chalk arrows” with “them”: The rain washed the chalk arrows away.
Show the answer and explanation
The rain washed them away.
“Them” replaces the chalk arrows removed by rain, so use “washed them away”, keeping past-tense “washed”.
Report both effects without confusing their causes.
Show the answer and explanation
The screen blocks out light, while the rain washes away the chalk.
The screen blocks light and rain removes chalk; “while” links the effects without exchanging their causes.
The usage comparisons are checked against the Cambridge Dictionary entries linked beside the compared expressions. The additional conversations and exercises are written for this course.
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